What is Gum disease?
Gum disease is a condition that affects the gums, causing them to become inflamed, painful, bleeding and showing potential signs of infection.
The main cause of gum disease is a buildup of plaqueA soft sticky substance that accumulates on teeth composed largely of bacteria and bacterial derivatives.; if the plaque is improperly cleaned off, it can cause the bacteria to move below the gum. This bacterium irritates the soft tissue, resulting in gum disease.
What does gum disease look like?
Healthy gums
Healthy gums should be firm to the touch, and when you touch them or brush them, they should not bleed or feel sore. Healthy gums are usually a shade of pink and appear consistent in colour all around.
Gums showing signs of gum disease
Gums presenting with gum disease may appear to be swollen, which can result in the gums looking puffy and red. This can be coupled with discomfort and bleeding when stimulated by touch, often when flossing or brushing the teeth.
As gum disease advances, it can lead to the gums receding. This can cause the teeth to feel loose or wobbly, and in the worst cases, can result in bone loss.
What should I do if I think I have gum disease?
If you suspect you have gum disease because you’re consistently experiencing the symptoms associated with gum disease, it’s important to contact your dentist.
Advanced gum disease cannot be cured, but it can be managed to reduce the symptoms patients experience. However, early stages of the condition can be reversed, limiting the problems caused by gum disease.
Gum disease is treated with a combination of a consistent hygiene routine and professional intervention. The course of treatment taken will vary from person to person and the severity of their gum disease. Treatment can range from cleaning above or below the gums, as required, to more invasive treatments such as gum or bone grafts.
Your dentist will be able to assess your gums to diagnose and get a sense of the severity of the gum disease in order to recommend the best treatment options.
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